Judiciary

P. Chidambaram v. Directorate of Enforcement 📌 Citation (2020) 13 SCC 791Decided on: 4 December 2019Bench: R. Banumathi, A. S. Bopanna and Hrishikesh Roy 🔹 Background The case arose from the INX Media money laundering case investigated by the Directorate […]

Dolat Ram v. State of Haryana 📌 Citation (1995) 1 SCC 349Bench: Kuldip Singh and S. P. Bharucha 🔹 Background The accused had been granted bail. Subsequently, the complainant sought cancellation of bail. The High Court cancelled the bail order. […]

Uday Mohanlal Acharya v. State of Maharashtra 📌 Citation (2001) 5 SCC 453Decided on: 29 March 2001Bench (3 Judges): B. N. Agrawal Doraiswamy Raju K. T. Thomas 🔹 Background The accused was in custody and the charge sheet was not […]

Rakesh Kumar Paul v. State of Assam 📌 Citation (2017) 15 SCC 67Decided on: 16 August 2017Bench (3 Judges): Madan B. Lokur Deepak Gupta Prafulla C. Pant (dissent) 🔹 Background The appellant was charged under the Prevention of Corruption Act, […]

Arnesh Kumar v. State of Bihar 📌 Citation (2014) 8 SCC 273Decided on: 2 July 2014Bench: Chandramouli Kumar Prasad and Pinaki Chandra Ghose 🔹 Background The appellant was accused under Section 498-A IPC (now corresponding provisions under BNS relating to […]

Sushila Aggarwal v. State (NCT of Delhi) 📌 Citation (2020) 5 SCC 1Decided on: 29 January 2020Constitution Bench (5 Judges) Bench included: Arun Mishra Indira Banerjee Vineet Saran M. R. Shah S. Ravindra Bhat 🔹 Core Issue Whether: Anticipatory bail […]

Siddharam Satlingappa Mhetre v. State of Maharashtra 📌 Citation (2011) 1 SCC 694Decided on: 2 December 2010Bench: Dalveer Bhandari and K. S. Radhakrishnan 🔹 Background The appellant sought anticipatory bail under Section 438 CrPC. The High Court rejected his application, […]

Gurbaksh Singh Sibbia v. State of Punjab 📌 Citation (1980) 2 SCC 565Constitution Bench (5 Judges)Decided on: 9 April 1980 🔹 Background The case arose from applications seeking anticipatory bail under Section 438 CrPC (now Section 482 BNSS). The Punjab […]

Dataram Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh 📌 Citation (2018) 3 SCC 22Decided on: 6 February 2018Bench: Madan B. Lokur and Deepak Gupta 🔹 Background The appellant sought bail after being denied relief by lower courts. The matter reached the […]

Landmark Anticipatory Bail Cases – Separate Comparative Chart (Section 438 CrPC / Section 482 BNSS) No. Case Year Core Issue Principle Laid Down Orientation 1 Gurbaksh Singh Sibbia v. State of Punjab 1980 Scope of Section 438 Anticipatory bail is […]

15 Landmark Bail Cases – Comparative Chart (India) No. Case Year Core Principle Bail Orientation 1 State of Rajasthan v. Balchand 1977 “Bail is the rule, jail is the exception.” Liberty-centric foundation 2 Gudikanti Narasimhulu v. Public Prosecutor 1978 Judicial […]

Comparison: General Bail Jurisprudence vs PMLA / NIA Stricter Regime Aspect General Criminal Law (CrPC/BNSS) PMLA Regime NIA / UAPA Regime Foundational Principle Bail is rule, jail exception (Balchand line) Reverse burden via “twin conditions” Statutory restriction on bail Key […]

📊 Bail Jurisprudence Evolution Chart (From Liberty Principle → Structured Guidelines) Year Case Core Principle Contribution to Bail Law Practical Impact 1977 State of Rajasthan v. Balchand “Bail is the rule, Jail is the exception.” Laid foundational philosophy of bail […]

Sanjay Chandra v. CBI 📌 Citation (2012) 1 SCC 40Court: Supreme Court of IndiaBench: Justice G.S. Singhvi & Justice H.L. Dattu 🔎 Background & Facts Case arose out of the 2G Spectrum Allocation Scam (2008). The accused were high-profile corporate […]

State of Rajasthan v. Balchand 📌 Citation (1977) 4 SCC 308Decided by: Supreme Court of IndiaBench: Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer 🔎 Facts of the Case The accused Balchand was convicted by the trial court. He applied for bail during the […]