20 Most Confusing IPC Sections Used in Judicial Viva
1. Section 299 vs Section 300
๐ Culpable Homicide vs Murder
Trap question:
โEvery murder is culpable homicide but every culpable homicide is not murder. Explain.โ
Key point:
Section 300 is aggravated form of 299.
2. Section 304 vs Section 304A
304 โ culpable homicide not amounting to murder
304A โ death by negligence
Trap:
Doctorsโ negligence โ usually 304A, not 304.
3. Section 307 vs Section 308
307 โ attempt to murder
308 โ attempt to commit culpable homicide
Trap:
Intention to cause death determines section.
4. Section 323 vs Section 325
323 โ simple hurt
325 โ grievous hurt
Trap:
You must check definition of grievous hurt in Section 320 IPC.
5. Section 379 vs Section 403
379 โ theft
403 โ dishonest misappropriation
Trap:
In theft property is taken, but in 403 property already in possession.
6. Section 403 vs Section 405
403 โ misappropriation
405 โ criminal breach of trust
Trap:
405 requires entrustment.
7. Section 415 vs Section 420
415 โ cheating
420 โ cheating + delivery of property
Trap:
If property delivered, then 420.
8. Section 441 vs Section 447
441 โ criminal trespass definition
447 โ punishment
Trap question:
โWhat is offence under Section 447?โ
Correct answer:
Offence is defined in 441, 447 only punishment.
9. Section 375 vs Section 376
375 โ definition of rape
376 โ punishment
Classic judicial viva trap.
10. Section 503 vs Section 506
503 โ criminal intimidation definition
506 โ punishment
11. Section 107 vs Section 109
107 โ abetment definition
109 โ punishment when offence committed.
12. Section 34 vs Section 149
34 โ common intention
149 โ unlawful assembly common object
Trap question:
Minimum persons?
๐ 34 = 2 persons
๐ 149 = 5 persons
13. Section 120A vs Section 120B
120A โ criminal conspiracy definition
120B โ punishment
14. Section 141 vs Section 146
141 โ unlawful assembly
146 โ rioting
Trap:
Rioting occurs when force or violence used by unlawful assembly.
15. Section 191 vs Section 193
191 โ giving false evidence
193 โ punishment
16. Section 299 vs Section 304
Candidates confuse these.
299 โ definition
304 โ punishment
17. Section 463 vs Section 465
463 โ forgery definition
465 โ punishment
18. Section 464 vs Section 467
464 โ making false document
467 โ forgery of valuable security
Trap:
Very serious offence.
19. Section 494 vs Section 495
494 โ bigamy
495 โ bigamy with concealment of previous marriage.
20. Section 300 Exception 4
One of the most asked viva traps.
Murder becomes culpable homicide if:
-
sudden fight
-
no premeditation
-
heat of passion
-
no undue advantage
The Golden Pattern Judges Use
Judges usually trap candidates by asking:
-
Definition section
-
Punishment section
-
Distinction between similar offences
Example:
โDifference between theft, cheating, criminal breach of trust and misappropriation.โ
โ Mastering these 20 IPC sections covers almost 70% of criminal law viva traps in judicial interviews.