What do you mean by word ‘Revision’?

Posted on by Admin

Q. What do you mean by word ‘Revision’?

Generally speaking, ‘Revision’ means “the action of revising, especially critical or careful examination or perusal with a view to correcting or improving.” According to section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908:

(1) The High Court may call for the record of any case which has been decided by any court subordinate to such High Court and in which no appeal lies thereto, and if such subordinate court appears–

(a) to have exercised a jurisdiction not vested in it by law, or

(b) to have failed to exercise a jurisdiction so vested, or

(c) to have acted in the exercise of its jurisdiction illegally or with material irregularity, the High Court may make such order in the case as it thinks fit:

Provided that the High Court shall not, under this section, vary or reverse any order made, or any order deciding an issue, in the course of a suit or other proceeding, except where the order, if it had been made in favour of the party applying for revision, would have finally disposed of the suit or other proceedings.

Discuss the essential ingredients of ‘revision’.

(2) The High Court shall not, under this section, vary or reverse any decree or order against which an appeal lies either to the High Court or to any Court subordinate thereto.

(3) A revision shall not operate as a stay of suit or other proceeding before the Court except where such suit or other proceeding is stayed by the High Court.

Explanation.–

In this section, the expression “any case which has been decided” includes any order made, or any order deciding an issue, in the course of a suit or other proceeding.

Therefore, under the Code, the jurisdiction exercised by the High Courts under this section is called ‘revisional jurisdiction’. However, the powers of the High Courts under this section could only be invoked in cases in which no appeal lies to the High Court and the case was decided by any court subordinate to such High Court and such subordinate court appeared:

(i) to have exercised a jurisdiction not vested in it by law; or

(ii) to have failed to exercise a jurisdiction so vested; or

(iii) to have acted in the exercise of its jurisdiction illegally on with material irregularity.

However, under section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the High Court cannot:

(i) vary or reverse any order except where the order, if it has been made in favour of the party applying for revision would have finally disposed off the suit or proceedings.

(ii) vary or reverse any decree or order against which an appeal lies either to the High Court or to any sub-ordinate court.

It should be noted that, a ‘revision’, docs not, operate as a stay of suit or other proceedings before the Court, unless such suit or proceeding is, in fact, stayed by the High Court. Further, in the exercise of its revisional power, it is not the province of the High Court to enter into the merits of the evidence.

In Ram Kumar v. State of Rajasthan, MANU/SC/4259/2008 : AIR 2009 SC 4, it is held that the suit itself was dismissed on merits after the issue as to the maintainability of the suit for non-service of notice upon the respondent was decided in favour of the appellants. It is now pending in appeal before the Appellate Court. Therefore, by any stretch of imagination, it cannot be said that at the time the revision was decided, it was open to High Court to deal with the issue passed by the Trial Court when the suit itself was dismissed on merits. The revision became infractus in view of the disposal of the suit on merits. 

Essential Requirements for ‘Revision’

Q. Discuss the essential ingredients of ‘revision’.

Any High Court within the territorial limits of India may exercise its revisional powers under section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 if following conditions are satisfied:

(i) there must be a case decided by a court;

(ii) the Court deciding the case must be one subordinate to the High Court;

(iii) the decision must be one in which no appeal lies to the High Court; and

(iv) the subordinate Court in deciding the case must appear to have:

(a) exercised a jurisdiction not vested in it by law; or

(b) failed to exercise a jurisdiction vested in it by law; or

(c) acted in the exercise of its jurisdiction illegally or with material irregularity; Michael Mascarenhas, Major v. Johu Mascarenhas, MANU/KA/0070/1996 : AIR 1996 Kant 348: ILR 1996 Kant 1957: 1996 (3) Kant LJ 114.

Exercise of Revisional Jurisdiction is Discretionary

The use of word “may” in section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 indicates that the exercise of the revisional powers of the High Court is entirely discretionary. The High Court does not usually interfere if the aim of an irregularity of the lower Court has been to promote justice; Sham Mohan Lai v. Jai Gopal, AIR 1968 Del 104. Likewise, the High Court may decline to exercise its revisional jurisdiction if the matter is sub-judice in the appeal filed by another party to the same suit. Before interfering in the ‘Revision’ the Court always takes into consideration the conduct of the petitioner; Dominion of India v. Gobordhan Das, AIR 1952 Cal 28, if he does not disclose his entire case the Court shall not exercise its revisional jurisdiction; J.N. Basu v. Tarakchandra Raychowdhury, MANU/WB/0010/1946 : AIR 1947 Cal 28. Where the power of revision has been invoked and dealt with, the High Court ought not to interfere with the order in question in a subsequent writ petition; Shankar R. Abhyankar v. Krishnaji, MANU/SC/0456/1969 : AIR 1970 SC 1: (1970) 72 Bom LR 179: (1969) 2 SCC 74: (1970) 1 SCR 322

Related Posts

16 thoughts on “What do you mean by word ‘Revision’?”

  2. I’m not that much of a online reader to be honest but your sites really
    nice, keep it up! I’ll go ahead and bookmark your site to come back down the road.
    All the best

    Reply

  3. I raгely ϲomment, bսt i did some searching and wound up heｒe Whaat dо you mｅаn Ƅy woed '
    Revision'? – Judiciary. Αnd I do һave а couple οf questions for
    you if it’s allright. Сould it bｅ simply me or does itt look aas if
    ⅼike some of the remarks come acгoss like lｅft by brain dead folks?

    😛 And, іf you arе posting оn otһеr social sites, I’d ⅼike to keep up ѡith
    aanything new үou haᴠe tⲟ post. Woᥙld ｙou list οf aⅼl of ɑll yօur public sites
    like your twitter feed, Facebook ρage oor linkedin profile?

    Нere іs mmy web blog; math tuition singapore

    Reply

  4. Instead of typing credentials, you can use fingerprint or Face ID recognition, depending on device compatibility. Candy96 ensures continuity across desktop and mobile sessions. If your verification code still doesn’t arrive, use live chat for manual validation.
    It’s quick, stable, and versatile — giving you app‑level speed from day one. Candy96 flips that approach, letting you enjoy real‑time action straight through the browser. Many casino apps weigh down older phones with massive downloads and constant updates. The software automatically fits itself to your device — from compact Android handsets to jumbo iPhone displays — making the visuals sharp and controls intuitive. The web interface acts much like a progressive web app (PWA), giving you smooth performance with swipe‑ready buttons, animations, and streamlined menus. Candy96 delivers a gaming setup uniquely built for Australian players who want quality gameplay without waiting around. From pokies to live casino tables and sports betting, everything’s built for fluid touch control and short load times.
    You get the sweet bits upfront — plain-English T&Cs, same-day pay-outs, and stacks of pokies — without the sugar crash that hits at some fly-by-night joints. Transactions process swiftly from the mobile cashier tab, with updates displayed in real time. Tap into live blackjack, roulette, and baccarat directly in your browser — no plug‑ins or add‑ons needed.
    Autoplay and turbo‑spin features are also well integrated, so you can spin through multiple rounds without janky frame drops. Game providers include Pragmatic Play, Booongo, BGaming, and Playson, all known for crafting pokies that stay smooth on mobile processors. Each game auto‑scales to fit your display, and spin controls respond instantly to taps or slide gestures. Whether you’re using a Pixel, iPhone, or Galaxy handset, Candy96 stays rock‑solid. Test CategoryResult Average loading time~2.7 seconds Pokie spin lagNegligible Browser compatibilitySafari, Chrome, Edge Data usage per hourApprox.
    Candy96 manages every recovery request through its secure verification framework, following Australia’s standard digital protection policy. Depending on verification load, this may take 1–3 business days. Whether you’ve misplaced login credentials or changed your mobile number, the recovery process prioritises identity validation and privacy. Candy96 has efficient recovery tools to get you back online quickly while keeping your account secure. Mobile browsers also benefit from adaptive keyboard support and one-tap password storage, making return access nearly instant. The mobile interface was built with Aussie network conditions in mind, so even rural connections perform well. The mobile view loads quickly, and fields respond well even on older phones.
    All Candy96 promotions appear in the same format whether you’re on phone or desktop. Candy96’s library is packed with mobile‑tested titles that feel natural on touchscreen devices. Pokies spin smoothly, and live tables stream in HD without download pressure or update pop‑ups.
    If you use Chrome or Safari, trust device storage rather than third‑party password apps for smoother reconnections. Candy96’s mobile login mirrors the desktop version but optimises the layout for touchscreens. If you’re on a shared device, skip the Remember me option for privacy. The login fields are simple and self-explanatory, with built-in autofill support for returning players. Signing in to Candy96 is the first step to enjoying its games, bonuses, and secure cashier features.
    You can also save Candy96 as a home‑screen shortcut for one‑tap access. Because it’s built on web‑app architecture, https://candy96.eu.com/ looks and feels identical to native software. Players may need to provide proof of identity, address, or payment ownership. It can be used on multiple devices and supports Microsoft Windows as well as macOS. It can be used on multiple devices and supports Microsoft Windows and macOS. We update the game every week so don’t forget to download the latest version to get all the sweet new features and levels!
    Redeem it at purchase and enjoy huge additional earnings on your Coupons.com account. You’ll also be able to track your payments and transactions, as well as view your saved gift card purchases. The sign-up is quicker than a servo coffee stop, and you’ll be spinning before your mates finish their first sip. No lags, no drama, just quick spins while your mates queue for coffees.

    Reply

  6. Kaizenaire.com offers Singaporeans tһe finest promotions, making it the bｅst site foг deals.

    Singapore’s shopping centers aｒe temples of business in thіs shopping heaven, wһere promotions pull іn deal-enthusiast Singaporeans daily.

    Ꭰo іt yourself crafting at һome permits innovative expression fߋr helpful Singaporeans, ɑnd keeр in mind to ｒemain upgraded ⲟn Singapore’ѕ newest promotions and shopping deals.

    Singapore Airlines ߋffers fіrst-rate air traveling experiences with premium cabins аnd in-flight solutions, whіch Singaporeans prize fоr tһeir remarkable comfort
    ɑnd international reach.

    UOB, аmong Singapore’s relied on financial institutions leh, supplies innovative financial items ⅼike bank card ɑnd lendings thаt Singaporeans enjoy fⲟr their gratifying rewards and customer-centric method lor.

    Delfi Limited sweetens ԝith delicious chocolates ⅼike Van Houten, valued ƅy children for enjoyable, economical treats.

    Aiyo, іf you intend to be kiasu concｅrning cost savings,
    examine Kaizenaire.ϲom on ɑ regular basis one, got special discount rates ᴡaiting leh.

    My web-site promotions singapore

    Reply

  13. Hey there! I’m at work browsing your blog from my new iphone 3gs!
    Just wanted to say I love reading through your blog and look forward to all your posts!
    Carry on the excellent work!

    Reply

  16. As PSLE fades, secondary school math tuition Ƅecomes crucial іn Singapore f᧐r youｒ child tⲟ explore advanced topics
    ѡith confidence.

    Can сan, Singapore kids’ top math performance globally iѕ
    truly inspiring lah!

    As Singapore moms and dads, focus on Singapore math tuition for unequaled math assistance.
    Secondary math tuition promotes rational thinking skills.

    Enroll іn secondary 1 math tuition tߋ understand functions, fostering ѕelf-reliance in learning.

    Secondary 2 math tuition constructs portfolios ⲟf accomplishments.
    Secondary 2 math tuition files progress. Ηappy witһ secondary 2 math tuition records, students stay motivated.
    Secondary 2 math tuition tracks journeys.

    Ɗoing well in secondary 3 math exams iѕ crucial, offered that
    Ⲟ-Levels loom jսѕt a yeaг later on, requiring
    cumulative understanding fгom prior ｙears. Theѕe exams determine readiness
    fⲟr innovative topics, affеcting choices
    оn wһether to pursue Additional Math streams. Success promotes strength
    аnd analytical thinking, traits essential fⲟr standing ᧐ut іn national exams.

    Secondary 4 exams hold іmportance for their comedic relief
    potential іn reѕearch studies. Secondary 4 math tuition lightens equations
    ѡith humor. Thіѕ method alleviates О-Level stress.
    Secondary 4 math tuition chuckles tһrough challenges.

    Βeyond acing tests, math emerges аs a vital skill іn booming AI,
    crucial foｒ sentiment analysis іn social media tools.

    Loving math аnd applying іtѕ principles in real-life daily contexts іs crucial for excelling.

    Ꭲo boost scores, practicing papers fｒom different secondary schools in Singapore helps
    іn prioritizing high-yield topics fοr secondary exams.

    Utilizing online math tuition е-learning platforms helps Singapore kids
    ѡith visual aids lіke infographics for complex theorems.

    Lor lor, steady аh, kids love secondary school activities,
    no extra stress оkay?

    OMT’s 24/7 online ѕystem transforms anytime іnto
    discovering time, helping trainees discover math’ѕ wonders аnd
    oƅtain inspired to master theiｒ tests.

    Dive into self-pacedmathematics proficiency ԝith OMT’s 12-mߋnth e-learning courses,
    total ѡith practice worksheets аnd tape-recorded sessions fоr extensive modification.

    Singapore’ѕ emphasis on vital analyzing mathematics highlights tһe valuе of math tuition, which
    helps trainees develop the analytical skills required Ьy the nation’ѕ forward-thinking syllabus.

    Ꮤith PSLE math contributing considerably tօ total scores,
    tuition ߋffers extra resources ⅼike model answers fߋr pattern acknowledgment ɑnd algebraic thinking.

    Senior һigh school math tuition іs vital for O
    Levels аs it enhances proficiency ᧐f algebraic manipulation, ɑ core element
    tһat regularly ѕhows upp in examination concerns.

    Junior college math tuition cultivates vital
    believing abilities neｅded to resolve non-routine troubles
    tһat frequently appeɑr in A Level mathematics evaluations.

    OMT’ѕ custom-designed educational program uniquely boosts tһe MOE structure
    Ƅy gіving thematic units tһɑt attach mathematics topics tһroughout primary tօ JC degrees.

    Visual aids ⅼike layouts aid envision troubles lor,
    boosting understanding аnd test performance.

    Ιn Singapore, where mathematics effectiveness оpens doors t᧐ STEM occupations, tuition іs vital forr solid test structures.

    Feel free tⲟ surf tߋ my blog post: maths tuition near me

    Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

error: Content is protected !!