Top 50 Civil Jurisdiction MCQ

Posted on January 29, 2026February 18, 2026 by Admin

🔵 A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES (Sections 9–11 CPC)
MCQ 1

Courts shall have jurisdiction to try all suits of a civil nature except those expressly or impliedly barred under:

A. Section 8
B. Section 9
C. Section 10
D. Section 11

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 2

A suit is of civil nature if it involves:

A. Criminal liability
B. Political rights
C. Determination of civil rights
D. Moral obligations

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 3

Which of the following is NOT a civil dispute?

A. Property dispute
B. Breach of contract
C. Recovery of money
D. Prosecution for theft

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 4

Jurisdiction of civil courts can be barred:

A. Only expressly
B. Only impliedly
C. Either expressly or impliedly
D. Never

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 5

Burden to prove exclusion of civil court jurisdiction lies on:

A. Plaintiff
B. Defendant
C. Court
D. State

✅ Ans: B

🔵 B. TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION (Sections 15–20 CPC)
MCQ 6

Every suit shall be instituted in the court of the lowest grade competent to try it under:

A. Section 14
B. Section 15
C. Section 16
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 7

Suits relating to immovable property shall be instituted where the property is situated under:

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 17
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 8

A suit for recovery of possession of immovable property is governed by:

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 18
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 9

Where immovable property is situated within jurisdiction of two courts, suit may be filed in:

A. Any one of them
B. Higher court only
C. Court chosen by defendant
D. Court of plaintiff residence

✅ Ans: A (Section 17 CPC)

MCQ 10

Section 16 CPC is based on which principle?

A. Defendant convenience
B. Plaintiff convenience
C. Local action rule
D. Cause of action

✅ Ans: C

🔵 C. DEFENDANT & CAUSE OF ACTION (Section 20 CPC)
MCQ 11

A suit may be instituted where the defendant:

A. Resides
B. Carries on business
C. Personally works for gain
D. All of the above

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 12

Cause of action means:

A. Right to sue
B. Defence raised
C. Bundle of essential facts
D. Relief claimed

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 13

Where part of cause of action arises, suit may be filed:

A. Only where whole cause arises
B. Only at defendant residence
C. At any such place
D. Only at plaintiff residence

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 14

Which section governs contracts and commercial disputes?

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 17
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 15

Residence of plaintiff is relevant for jurisdiction:

A. Always
B. Never
C. Only if statute provides
D. In all money suits

✅ Ans: C

🔵 D. PECUNIARY JURISDICTION
MCQ 16

Pecuniary jurisdiction refers to:

A. Subject matter
B. Territorial limits
C. Monetary value of suit
D. Appellate power

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 17

Suit filed beyond pecuniary jurisdiction is:

A. Void
B. Curable irregularity
C. Maintainable
D. Criminal offence

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 18

Objection as to pecuniary jurisdiction must be taken:

A. At appellate stage
B. At earliest opportunity
C. Anytime
D. After judgment

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 19

Failure of justice is relevant in:

A. Territorial jurisdiction
B. Pecuniary jurisdiction
C. Subject-matter jurisdiction
D. Both A and B

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 20

Decree passed without subject-matter jurisdiction is:

A. Irregular
B. Voidable
C. Void
D. Curable

✅ Ans: C

🔵 E. OBJECTIONS TO JURISDICTION (Section 21 CPC)
MCQ 21

Objection as to territorial jurisdiction must be raised:

A. At execution stage
B. At appellate stage
C. At earliest possible opportunity
D. After decree

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 22

Section 21 CPC applies to:

A. Territorial jurisdiction only
B. Pecuniary jurisdiction only
C. Both territorial and pecuniary
D. Subject-matter jurisdiction

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 23

Objection to subject-matter jurisdiction can be raised:

A. At trial only
B. At appeal only
C. At any stage
D. Never

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 24

Consent of parties can confer jurisdiction where none exists:

A. Yes
B. No
C. Only in civil cases
D. Only in pecuniary matters

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 25

Which jurisdiction cannot be waived?

A. Territorial
B. Pecuniary
C. Subject-matter
D. Local

✅ Ans: C

🔵 F. SPECIAL JURISDICTION SITUATIONS
MCQ 26

A suit for compensation for wrong to person or property may be filed under:

A. Section 16
B. Section 18
C. Section 19
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 27

Section 19 CPC allows filing suit:

A. Where wrong occurred
B. Where defendant resides
C. Either A or B
D. Only where court permits

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 28

A mortgage suit must be filed:

A. At plaintiff residence
B. At defendant residence
C. Where property is situated
D. Anywhere

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 29

Jurisdiction clause in contract is valid when:

A. It ousts all courts
B. It chooses one of competent courts
C. It creates new jurisdiction
D. It excludes statutory courts

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 30

Which case upheld jurisdiction clauses?

A. Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan
B. ABC Laminart v. AP Agencies
C. Patel Roadways case
D. Harshad Modi case

✅ Ans: B

🔵 G. RES JUDICATA & BAR OF SUIT
MCQ 31

Res judicata is contained in:

A. Section 9
B. Section 10
C. Section 11
D. Section 12

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 32

Section 10 CPC deals with:

A. Res judicata
B. Stay of suit
C. Bar of jurisdiction
D. Limitation

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 33

Jurisdiction of civil court is impliedly barred when:

A. Expressly stated
B. Alternative remedy exists
C. Special statute creates exclusive forum
D. Plaintiff agrees

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 34

Civil court jurisdiction is barred in election disputes because:

A. CPC says so
B. Constitution says so
C. Special statute applies
D. Parties agree

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 35

Which principle governs exclusion of civil court jurisdiction?

A. Presumption of exclusion
B. Strict interpretation
C. Liberal interpretation
D. Automatic exclusion

✅ Ans: B

🔵 H. RAPID REVISION MCQs
MCQ 36

Lowest grade court rule → Section ___

✅ Ans: 15

MCQ 37

Immovable property → Section ___

✅ Ans: 16

MCQ 38

Defendant / cause of action → Section ___

✅ Ans: 20

MCQ 39

Objection to jurisdiction → Section ___

✅ Ans: 21

MCQ 40

Suit of civil nature → Section ___

✅ Ans: 9

MCQ 41

Jurisdiction clause cannot:

A. Choose among courts
B. Exclude all courts
C. Restrict forum
D. Bind parties

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 42

Territorial jurisdiction defect without prejudice is:

A. Fatal
B. Void
C. Curable
D. Illegal

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 43

Pecuniary jurisdiction objection without failure of justice is:

A. Fatal
B. Curable
C. Void
D. Mandatory

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 44

Subject-matter jurisdiction defect is:

A. Waivable
B. Curable
C. Void
D. Procedural

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 45

A decree passed without inherent jurisdiction is:

A. Valid
B. Voidable
C. Void
D. Irregular

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 46

Civil court jurisdiction is the rule; exclusion is:

A. Presumed
B. Exceptional
C. Mandatory
D. Automatic

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 47

Commercial contract jurisdiction is governed by:

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 19
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 48

Plaintiff choice of forum is limited by:

A. CPC only
B. Defendant residence
C. Cause of action
D. All of the above

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 49

Jurisdiction objection raised late requires showing:

A. Error
B. Illegality
C. Failure of justice
D. Delay

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 50

Correct sequence in civil jurisdiction:

A. Plaintiff → Court → Defendant
B. Cause of action → Jurisdiction → Suit
C. Jurisdiction → Cause of action → Suit
D. Defendant → Court → Plaintiff

✅ Ans: B

PROBLEM-BASED CIVIL JURISDICTION QUESTIONS with MODEL ANSWERS

Admin
January 29, 2026
220

PROBLEM-BASED CIVIL JURISDICTION QUESTIONS with MODEL ANSWERS, written exactly in the judiciary mains problem-solving style. Each answer shows issue → law → application → conclusion, with CPC sections + Supreme Court case law. ⚖️ PROBLEM-BASED CIVIL JURISDICTION QUESTIONS (CPC) Problem […]

When a ‘second appeal’ is maintainable before the High Court?

Admin
February 5, 2026
195

Q. When a ‘second appeal’ is maintainable before the High Court? Sections 100 to 103, 107, 108 and Order XXXII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 deal with second appeals. According to section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, […]

Discuss the purpose of ‘appeal’. What are the essential ingredients of an appeal?

Admin
February 5, 2026
155

APPEALS Q. Discuss the purpose of ‘appeal’. What are the essential ingredients of an appeal? The expression ‘appeal’ has not been defined any where under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. However, it may be defined as “the judicial examination of […]