Top 50 Civil Jurisdiction MCQ

🔵 A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES (Sections 9–11 CPC)
MCQ 1

Courts shall have jurisdiction to try all suits of a civil nature except those expressly or impliedly barred under:

A. Section 8
B. Section 9
C. Section 10
D. Section 11

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 2

A suit is of civil nature if it involves:

A. Criminal liability
B. Political rights
C. Determination of civil rights
D. Moral obligations

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 3

Which of the following is NOT a civil dispute?

A. Property dispute
B. Breach of contract
C. Recovery of money
D. Prosecution for theft

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 4

Jurisdiction of civil courts can be barred:

A. Only expressly
B. Only impliedly
C. Either expressly or impliedly
D. Never

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 5

Burden to prove exclusion of civil court jurisdiction lies on:

A. Plaintiff
B. Defendant
C. Court
D. State

✅ Ans: B

🔵 B. TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION (Sections 15–20 CPC)
MCQ 6

Every suit shall be instituted in the court of the lowest grade competent to try it under:

A. Section 14
B. Section 15
C. Section 16
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 7

Suits relating to immovable property shall be instituted where the property is situated under:

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 17
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 8

A suit for recovery of possession of immovable property is governed by:

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 18
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 9

Where immovable property is situated within jurisdiction of two courts, suit may be filed in:

A. Any one of them
B. Higher court only
C. Court chosen by defendant
D. Court of plaintiff residence

✅ Ans: A (Section 17 CPC)

MCQ 10

Section 16 CPC is based on which principle?

A. Defendant convenience
B. Plaintiff convenience
C. Local action rule
D. Cause of action

✅ Ans: C

🔵 C. DEFENDANT & CAUSE OF ACTION (Section 20 CPC)
MCQ 11

A suit may be instituted where the defendant:

A. Resides
B. Carries on business
C. Personally works for gain
D. All of the above

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 12

Cause of action means:

A. Right to sue
B. Defence raised
C. Bundle of essential facts
D. Relief claimed

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 13

Where part of cause of action arises, suit may be filed:

A. Only where whole cause arises
B. Only at defendant residence
C. At any such place
D. Only at plaintiff residence

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 14

Which section governs contracts and commercial disputes?

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 17
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 15

Residence of plaintiff is relevant for jurisdiction:

A. Always
B. Never
C. Only if statute provides
D. In all money suits

✅ Ans: C

🔵 D. PECUNIARY JURISDICTION
MCQ 16

Pecuniary jurisdiction refers to:

A. Subject matter
B. Territorial limits
C. Monetary value of suit
D. Appellate power

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 17

Suit filed beyond pecuniary jurisdiction is:

A. Void
B. Curable irregularity
C. Maintainable
D. Criminal offence

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 18

Objection as to pecuniary jurisdiction must be taken:

A. At appellate stage
B. At earliest opportunity
C. Anytime
D. After judgment

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 19

Failure of justice is relevant in:

A. Territorial jurisdiction
B. Pecuniary jurisdiction
C. Subject-matter jurisdiction
D. Both A and B

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 20

Decree passed without subject-matter jurisdiction is:

A. Irregular
B. Voidable
C. Void
D. Curable

✅ Ans: C

🔵 E. OBJECTIONS TO JURISDICTION (Section 21 CPC)
MCQ 21

Objection as to territorial jurisdiction must be raised:

A. At execution stage
B. At appellate stage
C. At earliest possible opportunity
D. After decree

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 22

Section 21 CPC applies to:

A. Territorial jurisdiction only
B. Pecuniary jurisdiction only
C. Both territorial and pecuniary
D. Subject-matter jurisdiction

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 23

Objection to subject-matter jurisdiction can be raised:

A. At trial only
B. At appeal only
C. At any stage
D. Never

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 24

Consent of parties can confer jurisdiction where none exists:

A. Yes
B. No
C. Only in civil cases
D. Only in pecuniary matters

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 25

Which jurisdiction cannot be waived?

A. Territorial
B. Pecuniary
C. Subject-matter
D. Local

✅ Ans: C

🔵 F. SPECIAL JURISDICTION SITUATIONS
MCQ 26

A suit for compensation for wrong to person or property may be filed under:

A. Section 16
B. Section 18
C. Section 19
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 27

Section 19 CPC allows filing suit:

A. Where wrong occurred
B. Where defendant resides
C. Either A or B
D. Only where court permits

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 28

A mortgage suit must be filed:

A. At plaintiff residence
B. At defendant residence
C. Where property is situated
D. Anywhere

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 29

Jurisdiction clause in contract is valid when:

A. It ousts all courts
B. It chooses one of competent courts
C. It creates new jurisdiction
D. It excludes statutory courts

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 30

Which case upheld jurisdiction clauses?

A. Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan
B. ABC Laminart v. AP Agencies
C. Patel Roadways case
D. Harshad Modi case

✅ Ans: B

🔵 G. RES JUDICATA & BAR OF SUIT
MCQ 31

Res judicata is contained in:

A. Section 9
B. Section 10
C. Section 11
D. Section 12

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 32

Section 10 CPC deals with:

A. Res judicata
B. Stay of suit
C. Bar of jurisdiction
D. Limitation

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 33

Jurisdiction of civil court is impliedly barred when:

A. Expressly stated
B. Alternative remedy exists
C. Special statute creates exclusive forum
D. Plaintiff agrees

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 34

Civil court jurisdiction is barred in election disputes because:

A. CPC says so
B. Constitution says so
C. Special statute applies
D. Parties agree

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 35

Which principle governs exclusion of civil court jurisdiction?

A. Presumption of exclusion
B. Strict interpretation
C. Liberal interpretation
D. Automatic exclusion

✅ Ans: B

🔵 H. RAPID REVISION MCQs
MCQ 36

Lowest grade court rule → Section ___

✅ Ans: 15

MCQ 37

Immovable property → Section ___

✅ Ans: 16

MCQ 38

Defendant / cause of action → Section ___

✅ Ans: 20

MCQ 39

Objection to jurisdiction → Section ___

✅ Ans: 21

MCQ 40

Suit of civil nature → Section ___

✅ Ans: 9

MCQ 41

Jurisdiction clause cannot:

A. Choose among courts
B. Exclude all courts
C. Restrict forum
D. Bind parties

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 42

Territorial jurisdiction defect without prejudice is:

A. Fatal
B. Void
C. Curable
D. Illegal

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 43

Pecuniary jurisdiction objection without failure of justice is:

A. Fatal
B. Curable
C. Void
D. Mandatory

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 44

Subject-matter jurisdiction defect is:

A. Waivable
B. Curable
C. Void
D. Procedural

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 45

A decree passed without inherent jurisdiction is:

A. Valid
B. Voidable
C. Void
D. Irregular

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 46

Civil court jurisdiction is the rule; exclusion is:

A. Presumed
B. Exceptional
C. Mandatory
D. Automatic

✅ Ans: B

MCQ 47

Commercial contract jurisdiction is governed by:

A. Section 15
B. Section 16
C. Section 19
D. Section 20

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 48

Plaintiff choice of forum is limited by:

A. CPC only
B. Defendant residence
C. Cause of action
D. All of the above

✅ Ans: D

MCQ 49

Jurisdiction objection raised late requires showing:

A. Error
B. Illegality
C. Failure of justice
D. Delay

✅ Ans: C

MCQ 50

Correct sequence in civil jurisdiction:

A. Plaintiff → Court → Defendant
B. Cause of action → Jurisdiction → Suit
C. Jurisdiction → Cause of action → Suit
D. Defendant → Court → Plaintiff

✅ Ans: B