NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT ULTRA-TRICKY PROBLEM-BASED MAINS QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Q1. (Security Cheque + Future Liability + Stop Payment) A took a loan of ₹20 lakhs from B. At the time of loan agreement, A issued two post-dated cheques marked as […]
Month: February 2026
Mains Questions and answer of Negotiable Instrument Act
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT – TOP MAINS QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Q1. What are the essential ingredients of an offence under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act? Discuss with case-law. Answer: Section 138 creates a statutory offence for dishonour of cheque […]
Ultra Tricky MCQ of Negotiable Instrument Act
🔥 20 ULTRA-TRICKY MCQs (CASE-STUDY BASED) Q1. Blank Cheque A gives B a signed blank cheque as security. B fills amount later. Dishonoured. Which is correct?A. Cheque invalidB. No offence, misuse provedC. Offence under S.138D. Civil liability only ✅ Answer: […]
Top_10_Mains Questions and answer of Negotiable Instrument Act
Q1. Explain the essential ingredients of an offence under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. Answer (Mains Model): Introduction:Section 138 NI Act was inserted to enhance the credibility of cheques and ensure commercial certainty. Essential Ingredients:To constitute an offence […]
Flow Chart of Negotiable Instrument Act Offence U/s 138
ISSUANCE OF CHEQUE (For legally enforceable debt) │ ▼ PRESENTATION OF CHEQUE (Within validity – 3 months) │ ▼ CHEQUE DISHONOURED BY BANK (Insufficient funds / exceeds arrangement / account closed / payment stopped) │ ▼ INFORMATION OF DISHONOUR RECEIVED […]
Top – 100 _MCQ of Negotiable Instrument Act
🔹 PART A: BASIC CONCEPTS (Q.1–25) 1. Which of the following is a negotiable instrument under the NI Act?A. Promissory NoteB. Bill of ExchangeC. ChequeD. All of the above✅ Answer: D 2. A cheque is drawn on:A. Any personB. A […]
Top – 25 _Judgement of Negotiable Instrument Act
1. Rangappa v. Sri Mohan 📌 (2010) 11 SCC 441Held:Presumption under Section 139 includes existence of legally enforceable debt.Accused can rebut only on preponderance of probabilities. 2. Krishna Janardhan Bhat v. Dattatraya Hegde 📌 (2008) 4 SCC 54Held:Presumption does not […]
Model Order – Rejecting Charge-sheet under Section 122(C), Gujarat Police Act
**DRAFT MAGISTRATE ORDER (Rejecting Charge-sheet under Section 122(C), Gujarat Police Act)** IN THE COURT OF JUDICIAL MAGISTRATE FIRST CLASS AT ______ Criminal Case No. ___ of 20__ State of Gujarat Versus A.B. (Accused) ORDER The present charge-sheet is filed by […]
One Liner Case Study – 50 – Negotiable Instrument Act
CASE STUDY 1 (MODEL CASE) Facts:Mr. Y issued a cheque of ₹10,000 to Mr. Z. The cheque was dishonoured due to insufficiency of funds and no overdraft facility. (i) Is Mr. Y liable? ✅ Yes.All ingredients of Section 138 are […]
One Liner Questions – 50 – Negotiable Instrument Act
I. FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS (Case Studies 1–10) 1. Post-dated cheque dishonour Case: A issues a post-dated cheque to B. On presentation after date, cheque bounces. Answer: ✔️ Section 138 applies if other ingredients are fulfilled. 2. Cheque issued as security Case: […]
SATENDER KUMAR ANTIL – latest Order 15 Jan 2026
Download Judgement Directions :- 33.On the basis of the interpretation given by us, we conclude as follows: a. An arrest by a police officer is a mere statutory discretion which facilitates him to conduct proper investigation, in the form of […]
Legal Maxims
BACK Legal Maxims Legal Maxims with their legal meaning, interpretation, important judicial pronouncements using this maxim as well as the relevant paragraph where it was mentioned in the said judicial pronouncement. Access the full text of the judgment for a […]
Differentiate between ‘appeal’ and ‘revision’.
‘Appeal’ and ‘Revision’: Distinction Q. Differentiate between ‘appeal’ and ‘revision’. There are following main distinctions between Revision and Appeal: (a) An appeal lies to Superior Court from every original decree unless expressly barred, while a revision lies only in the cases […]
What does the word ‘Review’ mean?
Q. What does the word ‘Review’ mean? ‘Review’ means “to look once again”. The main object of granting a review of judgment is reconsideration of the same matter by same judge under certain conditions. The provisions relating to review, thus, strikes […]
Differentiate the words ‘case’ and ‘suit’?
‘Case’ and ‘Suit’: Distinction Q. Differentiate the words ‘case’ and ‘suit’? The meaning of expression ‘case’ being of a comprehensive import, it includes civil proceedings other than suits and it is not restricted to the entirety of the proceedings in a civil […]
What do you mean by word ‘Revision’?
Q. What do you mean by word ‘Revision’? Generally speaking, ‘Revision’ means “the action of revising, especially critical or careful examination or perusal with a view to correcting or improving.” According to section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908: […]
Discuss the powers of an Appellate Court.
Q. Discuss the powers of an Appellate Court. Section 107 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 provides for the powers of the Appellate Court in the following manner: “(1) Subject to such conditions and limitations as may be prescribed, an […]
When a ‘second appeal’ is maintainable before the High Court?
Q. When a ‘second appeal’ is maintainable before the High Court? Sections 100 to 103, 107, 108 and Order XXXII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 deal with second appeals. According to section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, […]
When a ‘second appeal’ is maintainable before the High Court?
Q. When a ‘second appeal’ is maintainable before the High Court? Sections 100 to 103, 107, 108 and Order XXXII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 deal with second appeals. According to section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, […]
Discuss the purpose of ‘appeal’. What are the essential ingredients of an appeal?
APPEALS Q. Discuss the purpose of ‘appeal’. What are the essential ingredients of an appeal? The expression ‘appeal’ has not been defined any where under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. However, it may be defined as “the judicial examination of […]
What are the principles for grant of ‘ex parte ad-interim Injunction’ under CPC?
Q. What are the principles for grant of ‘ex parte ad-interim Injunction’ under CPC? Provided that, where it is proposed to grant an injunction without giving notice of the application to the opposite party, the Court shall record the reasons for […]
What are consequences of disobedience or breach of injunction?
Non-compliance or Breach of Injunction Q. What are consequences of disobedience or breach of injunction? (1) In non-compliance or breach of order made under rules 1 and 2, the Court granting the injunction or making the order or any court to […]
Principles Governing Temporary Injunction
Principles Governing Temporary Injunction Before granting of the temporary injunction, the following considerations are required to be satisfied: (i) There is a prima facie case in favour of the plaintiff and against the defendant. (ii) That irreparable injury is likely […]
Conditions for grant of Temporary injunctions
Conditions for grant of Temporary injunctions In case of Kashinath Sansthan v. Srimad Sudhindra Thirtha Swamy, MANU/SC/1852/2009 : AIR 2010 SC 296 the court prescribed the criteria for temporary injunction as follows: “In order to grant an order of injunction, the party […]
Where Temporary Injunction is Granted ?
Where Temporary Injunction is Granted The granting of temporary injunction is a matter of discretion of the Court. The discretion is to be exercised judicially according to well-settled principles. Rule 1 of Order XXXIX of the Code of Civil Procedure, […]